The DSCR formula

What is a DSCR loan?

Instead of qualifying you on your personal income, the lender asks one question: does the property's rent cover its mortgage payment?

No W-2s. No tax returns. No employment history. If the property cash flows, you have a path to approval. For self-employed investors and portfolio builders whose tax returns do not reflect their real financial position, DSCR removes the biggest obstacle between them and their next acquisition. See all Non-QM loan options.

The formula: Monthly rental income ÷ total monthly payment (PITIA) = DSCR.
Example: $2,800 rent ÷ $2,200 payment = 1.27 DSCR, a strong qualifier.

Typical DSCR
1.0+
To qualify
Min. down
20%
Minimum down payment
Min. credit
620+
Minimum credit score
Income docs
$0
Personal income docs needed
States we lend in
50
Licensed nationwide

Built for investors

Who DSCR loans are built for

If your personal income does not reflect your real investment capacity, this is your loan.

  • Self-employed investors

    Tax returns show lower income after write-offs. Conventional underwriting penalizes that. DSCR does not care.

  • Portfolio builders

    Already own several rentals and hitting DTI limits? DSCR lets you keep adding doors without personal income becoming the ceiling.

  • Short-term rental operators

    Airbnb and VRBO income counts with the right lender. I know which ones accept STR income and how they calculate it.

  • LLC investors

    Close in your entity name for liability protection, something Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans simply do not allow.

  • Recent credit events

    Some DSCR lenders have shorter seasoning requirements after bankruptcy or foreclosure than conventional programs offer.

Not sure if you qualify? Give me your rental income, purchase price, and credit range, I will tell you exactly where you stand before you apply. Call (480) 400-5626 or start your application above.

The details

Typical DSCR loan parameters

Every lender sets their own guidelines, these ranges reflect what I see across the lenders I shop for you.

  • Qualification

    • No personal income docs required
    • DSCR of 1.0+ typical (0.75 min some lenders)
    • Credit score 620–680 minimum (700+ preferred)
    • No limit on financed properties (lender-specific)
    • Investment property only, not primary residences
  • Eligible properties

    • Single-family rentals
    • Condos and townhomes
    • 2–4 unit residential investment properties
    • 5+ unit multifamily (program-specific)
    • Short-term rentals, Airbnb / VRBO
    • Mixed-use with residential component
  • Loan structure

    • 30-year fixed or 5/1, 7/1 ARM options
    • Interest-only options available
    • Cash-out refinance up to 70–75% LTV
    • LLC or personal name closing
    • 20–25% down for purchase
    • Prepayment penalties may apply

Side by side

DSCR vs. conventional investment loan

If conventional works better for your situation, I will tell you. Here is an honest side-by-side.

FeatureDSCR loanConventional investment
Income documentationProperty rental income onlyFull personal income docs
DTI ratio requiredNot used43–45% max
Works for self-employedYesOften problematic
LLC closingMany lenders allow itNot permitted
Short-term rental incomeAccepted by many lendersGenerally not accepted
Financed property limitOften none10 properties (Fannie/Freddie)
Rate / pricingHigher, Non-QM premiumLower, agency pricing

The process

How the process works

DSCR is simpler than conventional, less paperwork, faster underwriting, no employment verification.

  1. 1

    Run your numbers

    We calculate your DSCR before you apply, no surprises at underwriting. For a purchase, we use a market rent analysis (Form 1007).

  2. 2

    Match you to the right lender

    DSCR guidelines vary dramatically lender to lender. I shop across my network to find the one whose program actually fits your deal.

  3. 3

    Streamlined documentation

    ID, credit pull, property details, a lease or rent analysis, entity docs if LLC. No tax returns, no pay stubs.

  4. 4

    Appraisal & underwriting

    I pre-underwrite every file before submission, so by the time we are in front of an underwriter, we already know the answer.

  5. 5

    Close in your entity

    Close in an LLC or personal name. Prepayment structure reviewed upfront so you understand the full picture before you lock.

Ready to run the numbers on a specific property? Give me the rent, the purchase price, and your credit range, I will tell you what lenders we are looking at and what to expect. Call (480) 400-5626 or use the calculator.

Why work with a broker

Why a broker makes a real difference here

DSCR is a Non-QM product. Every lender sets their own overlays. A broker shops them, a bank can only sell their own.

  • Full lender market access

    I shop across multiple DSCR lenders, different minimum ratios, STR policies, pricing, and LLC rules, to find the one built for your specific deal.

  • Pre-underwriting every file

    I thoroughly review every investment file before submission. Fewer surprises, fewer conditions, more closings on time or early.

  • Honest guidance on fit

    If conventional works better for your situation, I will tell you. DSCR is the right tool when it is the right tool, not a default answer.

  • 23 years in investment lending

    From your first rental to your twentieth, I have structured deals at every stage of an investor's portfolio. Learn more about Ken.

DSCR quick facts

Run the numbers on your deal

Give me the rent, the purchase price, and your credit range, I will tell you what is possible before you apply.

Min. down
20%
For a purchase
Min. credit
620
700+ preferred
Typical DSCR
1.0+
Some lenders to 0.75
DTI
Not used
Qualifies on rent

Call (480) 400-5626

Ken Starks, independent mortgage broker in Gilbert, Arizona

DSCR loan FAQs

Common DSCR questions

Real questions from investors, answered directly.

What DSCR ratio do I need to qualify?
Most lenders want 1.0 or higher, meaning the rental income at least covers the full mortgage payment. Some programs go as low as 0.75 with a larger down payment or stronger credit. I calculate your ratio before we apply so there are no surprises at underwriting.
Do I need tax returns or pay stubs?
No. That is the whole point. DSCR loans qualify you based on the property's rental income, not your personal income documentation. No W-2s, no pay stubs, no tax returns. This is why DSCR works so well for self-employed investors whose returns are full of legitimate deductions that make their income look smaller than it really is.
Can I close a DSCR loan in an LLC?
Yes, many DSCR lenders allow LLC closings, which conventional investment property loans (Fannie/Freddie) do not permit. Not every DSCR lender offers this, and those that do may have additional entity documentation requirements. It is one of the specifics I confirm during lender selection for your deal.
Can I use DSCR for a short-term rental (Airbnb / VRBO)?
Yes, some lenders use AirDNA market data to project STR income, others require 12 to 24 months of documented rental history, and a few will not touch STRs at all. This is exactly where lender selection matters. I know which lenders are actually built for STR investors.
How much do I need to put down?
Most DSCR programs require 20 to 25% down for a purchase. Some lenders allow 15% on single-family rentals with strong credit and a solid DSCR ratio. The requirement goes up for multi-unit properties or when the DSCR is below 1.0.
Is cash-out refinance available on a DSCR loan?
Yes. Cash-out refinance is available on DSCR programs, typically up to 70 to 75% LTV. One of the most common use cases I see: pulling equity from a performing rental to fund the next acquisition without touching personal savings. See our Investment Property Loans page for the broader picture.

Let's look at your deal

Tell me the property, the rent, and your credit range. I will run the numbers, identify the right lenders, and give you a straight answer on what is possible.

The Starks Team · Ken Starks, Independent Mortgage Broker · Equal Housing Lender. This is not a commitment to lend. DSCR loan pricing, prepayment penalty terms, and LLC closing availability vary by lender and depend on individual qualification.